[Barbara Jordan Scrapbook, July - September, 1974] Page: 56 of 236
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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY JULY 28, 1974
S 5
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L .4
THE NEW YORK TIMES
80, West 43d St., N.Y. 100
(212) 55-1-34
Published daily. Second-clas postage paid
at New York. N. Y., and at additional
mining of'fica.
HAIL 5V5SCRIFTlON U.S. TrXXITOXYUlS
1 Yr. 6 Moe. 3 Mo..
Weekday end Sunday. "$114.00 $62.70 $34.205
Weekda~y only . ..57.00 31.35 rr.ls
SuOnday only . ...57.00 11.40 17.15
Rates to other countries on request.
The Assodated Presis entitled eatualvsly
to the use for republiattion of all nae
dispatches credited to it or not otherwise
credited In this paper aend lcal ewve o
spontaneo~us origin published herein. Rihts
of republlcation of all other matter herein
are also reserved.Chile's Political Prisoners Are Put at6, 000 Nearly Year After Coup
By JONATHAN KANDELL
special to The New York Times
SANTIAGO, Chile, July 26
-Almost as soon as it took
power last September in a
violent coup that overthrew
the late Salvador Allende
Gossens, the military govern-
ment in Chile vowed to pro-
vide speedy trials for thou-
sands of its political prison-
ers and to release those found
innocent or without charges
against them.
But more than 10 months
after the coup, and despite
repeated promises by leading
military officials, there are
still about 6,000 imprisoned
Allende sympathizers in jails,
military garrisons and make-
shift prison camps across the
country.
The turnover among polit-
ical prisoners is high, with
released inmates being re-
placed by newer ones picked
up during continuing round-
ups by police and intelligence
services.
10,000 Arrests in Weekend
In recent weeks, Govern-
ment officials have blurred
the distinction between com-
mon criminals and political
suspects. For example, as
part of a "war on crime," the
police announced they had
detained more than 10,000
people last weekend. But of-
ficials did not disclose how
many of the prisoners were
arrested for political reasons.
Of the dozens of detention
centers around the country,
the largest and most impor-
tant is the Chacabuco prison
camp, an abandoned nitrate-
mining complex set in the
desolate northern desert
about 800 miles from San-
tiago.
Almost none of the Chaca-
buoo prisoners-who number
about 850 - have charges
pending against them. CloseAssociated Press
Political prisoners detained by the Chilean military
regime at work recently building their own cells. This
prison, at an abandoned fort, is on the island of Quiri-
quina, near the city of Concepci6n in central Chile.to 200 of the inmates have
been prisoners since the
coup.
The military authorities
have rarely permitted jour-
nalists to visit Chacabuco. But
recently letters from the in-
mates to relatives and friends
were made available to The
New York Times.
Although subject to cen-Un
th
to
ib:
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w
w
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e
t
cworship by the camp author-
ities, the letters describe in
considerable detail the condi-
tions at Chacabuco. The or-
ganization of prison life, the
emotional and physical state
of the inmates, and the hope
and despair of laborers, for-
mer Government officials,
teachers, students, party mil-
itants and farmers, who arePeru Takes Over Eight Major Papers
LIMA, Peru, July 27 (AP) -year-old publisher of El Co- A couple of years ago it took
mercio, was reported under over the newspaper La Cr6nica
Peru's military Government has house arrest, and last month it closed down
taken over the country's eight The confiscated papers also the opposition magazine Care-
major Independent newspapers, included the morning-after- tas. The Government also has
dealing a hard blow to freedom noon twins, Expreso and Extra, closed down an international
of expression in this Latin both managed by a Communist- news agency owned by a group
American country. dominated workers cooperative of Latin American publishers
The expropriation was an-1 that have followed a Commu- and has taken over control of
nounced before dawn after nist line, though actively sup- radio and television newscast-
policemen and riot troops in porting the Government. ing operations.
The other four papers m-
full gear surrounded each of volved were Aficion, owned by Action Deplored Here
the newspaper offices. No vio- thesame group as El Comercio; Robert Brown, president of
lence was reported. State of- Ultima Hora, owned by the the Inter-American Press Asso-
ficials were appointed to man- same group as La Prensa; and ciation, released a statement in
age each of the eight dalies the tabloids Correo and Ojo, New York deploring the take-
until further notice. both owned by a family tied over and declared, "The people]
An Associated Press news- closely to the country's fishing of Peru are the losers."
man, Nestor K. Ikeda, was industry and traditionally re- "It is the blackest day for
briefly detained by policemen flecting the interests of the in- hemispheric press freedom since
as he tried to take pictures of dustry. Juan Peron confiscated much
he c Sdenlroment around The Governnt has gradu- of the press of Argentina al-
tLo r eon eaper offices. His film ally tightening its censorship'most 25 years ago, and Fidel
was confiscated, of the news media since it Castro seized the press in
There was no official ex- took office six years ago. Cuba," he added.
planation for the take-over. -
But President Juan Velasco in-
creasingly has shown anger Coast Police Get Package Iiazz Bandleader Honored
over criticism of his Govern-
ment by Peruvian newspapers. With Drill Stolen Long Ago For Contributions on Coast
Mr. Velasco appeared par-
ricularly upset in recent months AKLAND, Calif. (AP) - SAN FRANCISCO (AP) -
over comments by six of the When a suspicious - looking Turk Murphy, a New Orleans-
eight papers charging that the wooden box arrived in the mail style jazz bandleader and
Government was increasingly at Oakland police headquarters, trombonist, was honored re-
coming under greater influence officers called explosives ex- gently for his 25 years of con-
of Marxist groups. perts, just in case. tiuin oSnFacso
Mr. Velasco has pledged to It turned out, however, that tabutions to San Francisco.
carry out a number of social the box contained an electric y ph Alioto pro-
and economic reforms, but as- precision drill; a letter explain- med Turk Murphy Day
serts vehemently that his Gov- ing that the sender took it land the musician received a let-
Iernment is neither capitalist from a construction project ter of commendation from the
nor Communist, but represents eight years ago; and a $20White House.
an indigenous Peruvian move- bill, presumably as payment; Still a quite active composer,
ment. for its use. ]arranger, archivist and record;
The newspapers taken over The package even bore thel collector, Mr. Murphy continues
included El Comercio, founded name and address of the Ito play trombone, sing, lead his
in 1839, and La Prensa, found- sender, band and run a night club here.
ed in 1905, both of which have The police said they would_ _
traditionally followed an inde- try to find the drill's owner, GIVING IS JOY. GIVE
pendent, but conservative line. but werent planning to ques- TO THE FRESH AIR FUND.
Luis 'Mir6 Quesada, the 93- tion the sender. I
a serving otsovings
I *~'. 4C55
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Thk~mingdae'Wcertain how much longer
eir detention will last.
"Today, life in Chacabuco
ok a turn which is irrevers-
le," a young former Allende
vernment bureaucrat wrote
optimistically to his wife in
february. "They released 62
ople. I was not fortunate
iough to be on the list and
be able to sleep there with
u again."
According to prisoners and
latives who visited them,
he inmates are not under-
d, or subjected to physical
buses or forced labor.
Regimentation in the camp
depends entirely on the
hims of the commanders,
ho are rotated every few
eeks. Since May, the prison
authorities have been strict:
furnishings in the inmates'
homes have been ordered
standardized; there have
een limitations on letter-
riting; cooking has been
rohibited in living quarters.
The prisoners have formed
self-governing body known
s the Council of Elders to
eal with grievances among
themselves and to represent
hem before the camp au-
horities. Imprisoned physi-
ians have set up a clinic.
lost of the inmates have
joined artisan workshops,
drama and choir groups, lit-
rary clubs or classes rang-
ng from English and French
o mathematics and business
administration, all taught by
other inmates.
"We work and study, laugh
and joke to defraud reality,"
wrote a schoolteacher to his
wife last May. "We have
earned to value things no
matter how small they are.
That is to say, we have more
strength to live than before,
more joy to live than before.
And that is a paradox for
those who want to sink us."
The 'Freedom List'
But the mood of Chaca-
buco is largely determined
by the "freedom list" which
appears about once a month
preceded by several days of
rumors.
The days before the list is
made known, a factory work-
er told his girlfriend, "I have
a persistent headache from
the nervous tension." He
added: When the list fails to
appear, there is a general fall
in everybody's morale whichyou can see in the decrease
of activity. There are less
sports, less work, less enter-
tainment, more sleepiness."
For many of the inmates,
the release of fellow prison-
ers who have become close
friends can be a traumatic
experience.
"I am sure," wrote a young
professional to his wife, "that
when they go free, their per-
spective will broaden and
their old friends and relatives
will become the center of
their lives, relegating their
friends here to a much less
important status. For this
very reason, when someone
leaves, it is as if a member
of the family has died and
must be mourned because it
is probably that we will never
see each other again."
Occasionally, the camp is
visited by ranking military
officers, who remind the in-mates that they are consider-
ed prisoners of war by the
authorities. Describing a visit
in February by Gen. Oscar
Bonilla, the second ranking
army officer, a former Al-
lende Government official
wrote:
"For those of us who still
maintain a minimum of ra-
tionality, all illusions have
ended. According to a brief
speech he gave us, nobody
should harbor any short-
term hopes because the mil-
itary Government considers
us 'the leaders of a defeated
army.'
"He said that even though
they had not been able to-
find any charges against us,
we must be "quarantined
until the political situation
becomes normal." That means
that we are political prison-
ers by virtue of being de-
tained without charges."Fial
p p
4 o *
Final " o
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[Barbara Jordan Scrapbook, July - September, 1974], book, 1974; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth616583/m1/56/: accessed May 21, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas Southern University.