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The Dutchovers

Description: Research paper written for a history class at Marfa High School about Diedrick Dutchover, his wife, Refugia "Cara" Salcido, and their ten children. The author discusses the origin of the name "Dutchover," Diedrick Dutchover's job riding as guard to mail coaches, and the establishment of the Dutchover ranch.
Date: 1964
Creator: Arriola, Emma D.
Partner: Marfa Public Library

Diedrick Dutchover and the Overland Mail Route

Description: Research paper written for a history class at Marfa High School about the first San Antonio-El Paso mail run, which required thirty days to cover 673 miles by stage coach and heavily armed frontiersmen of ward off attacks. Diedrick Dutchover was one of the men that accompanied the stage coaches on horseback to protect the mail carriers from threats.
Date: December 10, 1969
Creator: Arriola, Conrado
Partner: Marfa Public Library

[Press Release: Creating Change Confrence]

Description: A press release from the National Gay & Lesbian Task Force discussing the upcoming Creating Change Conference, an event for LGBT activists from across the nation. The release lists out some of the speakers and workshops that will be offered to conference attendees.
Date: September 26, 1991
Creator: National Gay & Lesbian Task Force
Partner: UNT Libraries Special Collections

The Indians of The Big Bend Country

Description: This is a research paper written by Nancy Edwards for an American History Class at Marfa High School in April 1968. The paper discusses the various tribes in west Texas and how they lived, artifacts found in pueblos and caves, historical descriptions of early Spanish interactions with the tribes, and relationships between the tribes. It covers popular legends of some tribes and legends surrounding the Marfa Lights.
Date: April 1968
Creator: Edwards, Nancy
Partner: Marfa Public Library

The Indian Mummy

Description: This is a research paper for an American History Class at Marfa High School in 1967. It describes the discovery of two mummified Indian babies from 1200 or earlier, found near Pinto Canyon in 1952. It describes how they were preserved. One was sent to the Smithsonian Institute and the other was on display at a local motel. The paper also mentions other artifacts found in the cave.
Date: 1967
Partner: Marfa Public Library

Then Came the Indians

Description: This is a research paper written by Richard Hewitt for an American History Class at Marfa High School on December 10, 1969. It includes stories about Indian attacks in west Texas, the location of petroglyphs, and descriptions of different arrowheads and their uses.
Date: December 10, 1969
Creator: Hewitt, Richard
Partner: Marfa Public Library

Indian Implements

Description: This is a research paper written by Leticia Cortez for an American History Class at Marfa High School on November 28, 1967. In the paper she describes the [Native American] Indian utensils and implements found in their households and the various uses of these items.
Date: November 28, 1967
Creator: Cortez, Leticia
Partner: Marfa Public Library

Some Early Activities of Americans in the Big Bend Area of Texas

Description: Research paper written by Sammy Barnett for an American History Class at Marfa High School on May 2, 1964. It describes the early settlers in West Texas, how they arrived and the hardships they faced.
Date: May 2, 1964
Creator: Barnett, Sammy
Partner: Marfa Public Library

[Document Discussing Stolen Animals]

Description: Document outlining the return of stolen animals to Monclova. According to the text Gregorio Garcia is empowered to take animals stolen by the Indians back to Monclova; he claims that José María Treviño has one of the animals.
Date: 1829-05~
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library

[Census of Indians in Laredo]

Description: Census of Indians annexed to the City of Laredo, with various notes, including the men, women, and children. The document has a table at the top listing out the number of individuals, broken down by category, and a lengthy chart on page 2 with men's names listed.
Date: 1788-07~
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library

[Decree from Governor Diego de Lasaga]

Description: Orders from Diego de Lasaga to all settlers in Nuevo Santander to arm themselves against possible attacks by the Indians. The document itself has stains and slight tears along the edges of the paper.
Date: 1781-08~
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library

[Orders from José Ramón Bustamente]

Description: Copy of an official communication from Nemesio Salsedo giving notice that troops from Laredo and a large group of Lipans attacked Comanches. According to the rest of the document Salsedo requests that proper dispositions be taken to prevent further attacks and maintain peace with the Comanches.
Date: 1804-09-20?
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library

[Petition and Report from Justicias Mayores to the Viceroy]

Description: Petition and report from justicias mayores from five towns to the Viceroy of New Spain. The report tells of continued Indian invasions, and a request for more troops to guard the frontier.
Date: 1783-04~
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library

[Printed Decree from the Viceroy]

Description: Printed decree from Viceroy Güemez referencing a decree from November 14, 1791 permitting Juan de Aguilar, an Indian from Pueblo de Mitla to go to Spain for commercial reasons. According to the decree the Viceroy may give permissions like this, for a limited time, in the future.
Date: May 17, 1792
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library

[Message from Manuel de Escandón]

Description: Message from Manuel de Escandón saying that no peace should be made with the Indians once a war has begun. The document has multiple signatures from Spanish officials acknowledging their having received the message.
Date: 1793-10~
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library

[Copy of an Official Communication from Nemesio Salsedo Regarding Military Actions]

Description: Copy of an official communication from Nemesio Salsedo giving notice that troops from Laredo and a large group of Lipans attacked Comanches. According to the rest of the document Salsedo requests that proper dispositions be taken to prevent further attacks and maintain peace with Indians to the North and West.
Date: 1804-09-20?
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library

[Copy of Agreement with Paces and Lipan Indians]

Description: Copy of an agreement with Paces and Lipan Indians sent from the Conde de la Sierra Gorda to José González. There is only two pages of text with four blank pages following the Conde's signature.
Date: 1791-03~
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library

[Printed Edict from the Marques de Croix]

Description: Printed edict from the Marques de Croix to the Justicia de Laredo informing him, and the other parish priests and magistrates, of the importance of teaching Indians the Spanish language so that they can be taught Christianity.
Date: October 10, 1769
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library

[Two Announcements from José Ramón Díaz de Bustamente]

Description: Two documents from José Ramón Díaz de Bustamente calling the province to arms in case the insurrection were to spread into Nuevo Santander; de Bustamente says Indians are to have a bow and 50 arrows apiece. He also calls on parish priests to animate the Indians to the Spanish cause instead of the insurrection.
Date: 1810-11~
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library

[Report from José Lafuente Concerning a Murder]

Description: Report by José Lafuente concerning the murder of a man named Pedro Arroyos by an Indian named Marcos from San Antonio; included in this document are testimonies of the incident. There are various signatures from Spanish officials acknowledging the testimonies.
Date: 1809-08~
Partner: St. Mary's University Louis J. Blume Library
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